INF6B/simulations/SortVisualizer/VisualizerForm.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Media;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace SortVisualizer;

public class VisualizerForm : Form
{
    int[] array = Array.Empty<int>();
    Random rand = new();
    int delay = 10;
    bool sorting = false;

    ComboBox algoSelector;
    Button startButton, stopButton, shuffleButton;
    TrackBar speedSlider;
    CheckBox soundToggle;
    Label speedLabel, statusLabel;

    List<ISortAlgorithm> algorithms;
    CancellationTokenSource? cts;

    Dictionary<int, byte[]> toneCache = new();
    SemaphoreSlim soundSemaphore = new(1, 1); // prevent sound overlap

    int highlightedIndex1 = -1;
    int highlightedIndex2 = -1;

    public VisualizerForm()
    {
        Text = "C# Sorting";
        DoubleBuffered = true;
        MinimumSize = new Size(800, 500);
        Width = 1000;
        Height = 600;

        algorithms = new() { new BubbleSort(), new InsertionSort(), new BogoSort(), 
                             new MergeSort() , new StoogeSort()
                           };

        // --- Top Control Panel ---
        var topPanel = new FlowLayoutPanel
        {
            Dock = DockStyle.Top,
            AutoSize = true,
            WrapContents = true,
            FlowDirection = FlowDirection.LeftToRight,
            Padding = new Padding(5),
            AutoScroll = true
        };

        algoSelector = new ComboBox { Width = 160, DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList };
        algoSelector.DataSource = algorithms;
        algoSelector.DisplayMember = "Name";

        int buttonHeight = algoSelector.Height;

        startButton = new Button { Width = 100, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Start" };
        stopButton = new Button { Width = 100, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Stop" };
        shuffleButton = new Button { Width = 100, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Shuffle" };

        soundToggle = new CheckBox { Width = 100, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Sound On", Checked = true };

        speedLabel = new Label { Width = 60, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Speed: 10", TextAlign = ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter };
        speedSlider = new TrackBar
        {
            Width = 250,
            Minimum = 1,
            Maximum = 100,
            Value = 10,
            TickFrequency = 10,
            SmallChange = 1,
            LargeChange = 10,
            Height = buttonHeight
        };

        statusLabel = new Label { Width = 150, Height = buttonHeight, Text = "Idle", TextAlign = ContentAlignment.MiddleRight };

        topPanel.Controls.AddRange(new Control[]
        {
            algoSelector, startButton, stopButton, shuffleButton,
            soundToggle, speedLabel, speedSlider, statusLabel
        });

        Controls.Add(topPanel);

        speedSlider.ValueChanged += (s, e) =>
        {
            delay = 101 - speedSlider.Value;
            speedLabel.Text = $"Speed: {speedSlider.Value}";
        };

        startButton.Click += async (s, e) => await StartSort();
        stopButton.Click += (s, e) => StopSort();
        shuffleButton.Click += (s, e) => Shuffle();

        this.Resize += (s, e) => Invalidate();

        Shuffle();
    }

    void Shuffle()
    {
        if (sorting) return;
        array = Enumerable.Range(1, 100).OrderBy(_ => rand.Next()).ToArray();
        highlightedIndex1 = highlightedIndex2 = -1;
        Invalidate();
        statusLabel.Text = "Shuffled!";
    }

    async Task StartSort()
    {
        if (sorting) return;
        sorting = true;
        cts = new CancellationTokenSource();

        var algo = (ISortAlgorithm)algoSelector.SelectedItem!;
        statusLabel.Text = $"Sorting ( {algo.Name} )...";

        try
        {
            await algo.Sort(
                array,
                () => Invalidate(), // keep original signature
                delay,
                value => { if (soundToggle.Checked) _ = PlaySoundAsync(value); },
                cts.Token
            );

            highlightedIndex1 = highlightedIndex2 = -1;
            Invalidate();

            if (!cts.Token.IsCancellationRequested)
                statusLabel.Text = "Done!";
        }
        finally
        {
            sorting = false;
        }
    }

    void StopSort()
    {
        if (!sorting) return;
        cts?.Cancel();
        sorting = false;
        highlightedIndex1 = highlightedIndex2 = -1;
        Invalidate();
        statusLabel.Text = "Stopped.";
    }

    protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnPaint(e);
        var g = e.Graphics;

        int offsetY = 50;
        int marginX = 20;

        if (array.Length == 0) return;

        int barWidth = (ClientSize.Width - 2 * marginX) / array.Length;
        int availableHeight = ClientSize.Height - offsetY;

        for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++)
        {
            int height = (int)(array[i] * (availableHeight / (float)array.Length));
            Brush brush = Brushes.LightGreen;

            if (sorting)
            {
                if (i == highlightedIndex1) brush = Brushes.Red;
                else if (i == highlightedIndex2) brush = Brushes.Orange;
                else brush = Brushes.DeepSkyBlue;
            }

            g.FillRectangle(brush, marginX + i * barWidth, ClientSize.Height - height, barWidth - 1, height);
        }
    }

    async Task PlaySoundAsync(int value)
    {
        // Use semaphore to prevent overlapping sounds
        if (!await soundSemaphore.WaitAsync(0))
            return; // skip if already playing

        try
        {
            int freq = 220 + (int)(value * 12.0);
            int durationMs = 10;

            if (!toneCache.TryGetValue(freq, out var wav))
            {
                wav = GenerateToneWav(freq, durationMs, 44100);

                // Limit cache size
                if (toneCache.Count > 200)
                    toneCache.Clear();

                toneCache[freq] = wav;
            }

            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
                try
                {
                    using var ms = new MemoryStream(wav);
                    using var player = new SoundPlayer(ms);
                    player.PlaySync(); // blocks on background thread
                }
                catch
                {
                    try
                    {
                        if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
                            Console.Beep(freq, durationMs);
                    }
                    catch { }
                }
            });
        }
        finally
        {
            soundSemaphore.Release();
        }
    }

    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (disposing)
        {
            cts?.Dispose();
            soundSemaphore?.Dispose();
        }
        base.Dispose(disposing);
    }

    #region Tone Generation

    public static byte[] GenerateToneWav(int frequency, int durationMs, int sampleRate = 44100, double amplitude = 0.25)
    {
        int samples = (int)((durationMs / 1000.0) * sampleRate);
        using var ms = new MemoryStream();
        using var bw = new BinaryWriter(ms);

        short numChannels = 1;
        short bitsPerSample = 16;
        int byteRate = sampleRate * numChannels * bitsPerSample / 8;
        short blockAlign = (short)(numChannels * bitsPerSample / 8);
        int dataSize = samples * numChannels * (bitsPerSample / 8);

        bw.Write(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("RIFF"));
        bw.Write(36 + dataSize);
        bw.Write(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("WAVE"));

        bw.Write(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("fmt "));
        bw.Write(16);
        bw.Write((short)1);
        bw.Write(numChannels);
        bw.Write(sampleRate);
        bw.Write(byteRate);
        bw.Write(blockAlign);
        bw.Write(bitsPerSample);

        bw.Write(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("data"));
        bw.Write(dataSize);

        double twoPiF = 2 * Math.PI * frequency;
        for (int n = 0; n < samples; n++)
        {
            double t = n / (double)sampleRate;
            double sample = amplitude * Math.Sin(twoPiF * t);
            short s = (short)Math.Max(short.MinValue, Math.Min(short.MaxValue, sample * short.MaxValue));
            bw.Write(s);
        }

        bw.Flush();
        return ms.ToArray();
     }

    #endregion
}